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From Magic to Mechanics: The Scientific Revolution and the Modern Mind
The modern era has given us many powerful theories that continue to shape science, philosophy, religion, and our understanding of the world. It’s in this time that we also see the birth of new political ideas that influence society even today. This period, beginning around the 17th century, marks a dramatic shift from medieval thinking—where…
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Alan Turing’s Imitation Game
Turing created one of the most brilliant thought experiments in the history of AI: the Imitation Game. Do people think like machines—or not? Alan Turing, alongside his first critic Ludwig Wittgenstein, initiated debates that still resonate today. In this article, let us focus solely on Turing’s landmark 1950 paper. The paper opens with a simple…
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Wittgenstein’s Blue and Brown Books: What Can Be Said About Computational Thinking
“Perhaps one of the most outspoken of the pre-test critics was Turing’s close colleague and friend, Ludwig Wittgenstein.” (1, 433) As some accounts suggest, “fundamentally, he really disliked the idea that people were machines.” (1, 434) Empirical Thinking vs Philosophical Critique The central question here is whether it is possible to say that humans compute…
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The Private Language Argument: Why Meaning Must Be Public
Unpacking Wittgenstein’s argument that a truly private language is impossible, and why this matters for our understanding of mind, meaning, and shared reality.
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Russell’s Theory of Descriptions: How Logic Transformed Philosophy
Exploring how Russell’s seemingly technical solution to referential puzzles fundamentally changed our understanding of language, meaning, and philosophical methodology.
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Beyond Appearances: The Noumenon-Phenomenon Distinction
How Kant’s division between things-in-themselves and things-as-they-appear revolutionized epistemology and set the stage for two centuries of philosophical development.
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The Problem of Induction: Hume’s Challenge to Scientific Certainty
Examining Hume’s devastating argument that our belief in cause and effect lacks rational justification, and how this skeptical insight continues to challenge our understanding of scientific knowledge.
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Language Games: Wittgenstein’s Revolution in Understanding Meaning
How Wittgenstein transformed philosophy by showing that language derives meaning not from abstract reference but from its practical use in various “language games” embedded in our forms of life.
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The Limits of Reason: Understanding Kant’s Antinomies
A brief exploration of how Kant demonstrated that human reason inevitably falls into contradiction when attempting to comprehend the unconditioned, revealing both the power and limitations of rational thought.
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